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P312 Broadband Security Gateway
Introducing the Prestige Firewall 14-3
ICMP Echo
A brute-force attack, such as a "Smurf" attack, targets a feature in the IP specification known as directed or
subnet broadcasting, to quickly flood the target network with useless data. A Smurf hacker floods a router
with Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packets (pings). Since the destination IP
address of each packet is the broadcast address of the network, the router will broadcast the ICMP echo
request packet to all hosts on the network. If there are numerous hosts, this will create a large amount of
ICMP echo request and response traffic. If a hacker chooses to spoof the source IP address of the ICMP
echo request packet, the resulting ICMP traffic will not only clog up the "intermediary" network, but will
also congest the network of the spoofed source IP address, known as the "victim" network. This flood of
broadcast traffic consumes all available bandwidth, making communications impossible.
ICMP Vulnerability
ICMP is an error-reporting protocol that works in concert with IP. The following ICMP types trigger an alert:
Table 14-1 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts
5 REDIRECT
13 TIMESTAMP_REQUEST
14 TIMESTAMP_REPLY
17 ADDRESS_MASK_REQUEST
18 ADDRESS_MASK_REPLY
Illegal Commands (NetBIOS and SMTP)
The only legal NetBIOS commands are the following - all others are illegal.
Table 14-2 Legal NetBIOS Commands
MESSAGE
REQUEST:
POSITIVE:
NEGATIVE:
RETARGET:
KEEPALIVE
All SMTP commands are illegal except for those displayed in the following tables.
Table 14-3 Legal SMTP Commands
DATA EHLO EXPN HELO HELP MAIL NOOP QUIT
RCPT RSET SAML SEND SOML TURN VRFY
- Prestige 312 1
- FCC Statement iii 3
- Canadian Users 4
- Customer Support 8
- Table of Contents 9
- List of Figures 16
- List Of Tables 23
- Part I: 29
- Chapter 1 31
- Getting to Know Your Prestige 31
- Chapter 2 35
- 2.4 Housing 38
- 2.5 Power Up Your Prestige 38
- Enter Password : XXXX 39
- 2.6.1 Main Menu 40
- 2.7.1 Resetting the Prestige 41
- 2.8 General Setup 42
- 2.9 WAN Setup 44
- 2.10 LAN Setup 45
- 2.10.1 LAN Port Filter Setup 46
- Chapter 3 47
- Internet Access 47
- 3.1.3 Private IP Addresses 48
- 3.1.4 RIP Setup 48
- 3.1.5 DHCP Configuration 49
- 3.1.6 IP Multicast 49
- 3.1.7 IP Alias 50
- 3.2.1 IP Alias Setup 53
- 3.3 Internet Access Setup 54
- 3.3.2 PPTP Encapsulation 55
- 3.3.4 PPPoE Encapsulation 56
- 3.4 Basic Setup Complete 58
- Part II: 59
- Chapter 4 60
- Remote Node Setup 60
- 4-2 Remote Node Setup 61
- 4.1.2 PPPoE Encapsulation 62
- 4.1.3 PPTP Encapsulation 63
- Remote Node Setup 4-5 64
- 4-8 Remote Node Setup 67
- 4.3 Remote Node Filter 68
- 4-10 Remote Node Setup 69
- Chapter 5 70
- IP Static Route Setup 70
- 5.1 IP Static Route Setup 71
- IP Static Route Setup 5-3 72
- Chapter 6 74
- 6.1.3 How NAT works 75
- 6.1.4 NAT Mapping Types 75
- 6.2 SMT Menus 77
- 6.2.2 Configuring NAT 79
- 6.3 NAT Server Sets 84
- 6.4 Examples 86
- 6-20 NAT 93
- Part III: 94
- Chapter 7 96
- Filter Configuration 96
- Filter Rule 98
- Filter Set 98
- 7.2 Configuring a Filter Set 99
- Filters 7-5 100
- 7.2.3 TCP/IP Filter Rule 102
- 7-8 Filters 103
- Filters 7-9 104
- 7-10 Filters 105
- Filters 7-11 106
- 7.2.4 Generic Filter Rule 107
- Filters 7-13 108
- 7.3 Example Filter 109
- 7.4 Filter Types and NAT 111
- 7.5 Firewall 112
- 7.6.2 Remote Node Filters 113
- Chapter 8 114
- SNMP Configuration 114
- 8-2 SNMP 115
- Chapter 9 116
- 9.1 System Status 117
- 9.2.1 System Information 119
- 9.3 Log and Trace 120
- 9.3.1 Viewing Error Log 121
- 9.3.2 UNIX Syslog 121
- 2. Packet triggered 123
- 3. Filter log 123
- 4. PPP log 124
- 5. Firewall log 124
- 9.4 Diagnostic 125
- 9.4.1 WAN DHCP 126
- Chapter 10 128
- Transferring Files 128
- 10.2 Backup Configuration 129
- 10.3 Restore Configuration 130
- 10.4 Upload Firmware 130
- 10.5 TFTP File Transfer 132
- 10.5.1 Example TFTP Command 133
- 10.6 FTP File Transfer 134
- Chapter 11 138
- 11.2 Call Control Support 139
- 11.2.2 Call History 140
- 11.3 Time and Date Setting 141
- 11.4 Remote Management Setup 143
- 11.5 Boot Commands 144
- Chapter 12 146
- 12.3.2 System Timeout 147
- Part IV: 148
- Chapter 13 149
- What is a Firewall 149
- 13.3 Denial of Service 151
- 13.3.2 Types of DoS attacks 152
- 13.4 Stateful Inspection 154
- 13.4.3 TCP Security 156
- 13.4.4 UDP/ICMP Security 157
- 13.4.5 Upper Layer Protocols 157
- 13.5.1 Security In General 158
- What Is a Firewall? 13-11 159
- Chapter 14 161
- 14.1.1 View Firewall Log 162
- 14.1.2 Attack Types 162
- 14.3.1 Packet Filtering: 166
- 14.3.2 Firewall: 167
- Chapter 15 169
- 15.2 Enabling the Firewall 170
- 15.3 E-Mail 171
- 15.3.2 What are Logs? 172
- Table 15-1 E-Mail 173
- Figure 15-5 173
- 15.3.3 SMTP Error Messages 174
- 15.3.4 Example E-Mail Log 174
- 15.4 Attack Alert 175
- 15.4.1 Threshold Values: 176
- 15.4.2 Half-Open Sessions 176
- Table 15-3 Attack Alert 178
- Chapter 16 181
- Creating Custom Rules 181
- 16.2.2 Security Ramifications 182
- 16.3 Connection Direction 183
- 16.4 Services Supported 184
- Creating Custom Rules 16-5 185
- Table 16-1 Services Supported 185
- 16.5 Rule Summary 186
- Creating Custom Rules 16-7 187
- Table 16-1 187
- 16-8 Creating Custom Rules 188
- Creating Custom Rules 16-9 189
- 16-10 Creating Custom Rules 190
- Creating Custom Rules 16-11 191
- 16.6 Timeout 192
- Creating Custom Rules 16-13 193
- Figure 16-6 Timeout Screen 193
- 16-14 Creating Custom Rules 194
- Table 16-5 Timeout Menu 194
- Chapter 17 195
- Custom Ports 195
- 17-2 Custom Ports 196
- Table 17-1 Custom Ports 196
- Custom Ports 17-3 197
- 17-4 Custom Ports 198
- Chapter 18 199
- 18-2 Logs 200
- Table 18-1 Log Screen 200
- Logs 18-3 201
- Chapter 19 203
- Example Firewall Rules 203
- Internet 213
- Chapter 20 217
- Content Filtering 217
- 20.2 Blocking URLs 218
- Content Filtering 20-3 219
- Part V: 220
- Chapter 21 222
- Troubleshooting 222
- 21-2 Troubleshooting 223
- Troubleshooting 21-3 224
- Appendix A 226
- Appendix B 228
- Call Connection 229
- PPP Data Connection 229
- Appendix C 230
- Hardware Specifications 230
- Appendix D 231
- Important Safety Instructions 231
- Appendix E 232
- Firewall CLI Commands 232
- L CLI Commands 233
- CLI Commands M 234
- N CLI Commands 235
- CLI Commands O 236
- Appendix F 237
- Power Adapter Specs 237
- Glossary of Terms 239
- Glossary S 240
- T Glossary 241
- Glossary U 242
- V Glossary 243
- Glossary W 244
- X Glossary 245
- Glossary Y 246
- Z Glossary 247
- Glossary AA 248
- Index CC 250
- DD Index 251
- Index EE 252
- FF Index 253
- Index GG 254
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