ZyXEL Communications PLA-470 V2 - V3.0.5 Guía de instalación descargar pdf (Pagina 294)

the framework of an electrical network that has safety rules different from those of

twisted pair, cable TV, or optical fiber networks.

For electrical utilities managing the local electrical networks (village communi-

ties, small towns, built-up areas, commune syndicates, and so forth), the PLC can

represent the best technology to connect the local authorities located in white areas

to the Internet.

The latest deployments of PLC networks, whether experimental or operational,

have demonstrated that this technology could efficiently help the communities to

provide Internet access to homes that could benefit from Internet access. These

deployments are often based on local telecommunications operators by means of

network architectures using the best of each currently available technology (BLR,

Wi-Fi, PLC, mesh network, and so forth).

Sometimes, the electrical utility prefer to confine itself to the electrical power

production, transport, and distribution businesses with which it is familiar, and not

to place itself as a potential telecommunications operator for the thirty million or so

meters connected to its network. Moreover, this decision could be based on the

local political directives concerning the specialization principle of each of the elec-

trical utilities and electrical grid systems.

Topology of Electrical Networks

Several construction rules govern the implementation of a “distribution” electrical

network, i.e., connected to the major high voltage networks, or HV, supplying the

buildings of a community by providing electricity to the subscribers’ meters.

First, a distinction can be made between three types of MV and LV electrical

networks according to the building density and the geographical area under consid-

eration (see Figure 12.3): rural, semiurban, and urban.

The specificities of these electrical networks relate to the following elements:

Electrical Networks for Communities 275

Figure 12.3 MV and LV electrical networks

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ZyXEL Communications PLA-470 V2 - V3.0.5 Guía de instalación Pagina 294